I/O Psychology Functionalism, Technology, Training, and...

I/O Psychology: Functionalism, Technology, Training, and Cognitive Psychology The purpose of this paper is to evaluate how functionalism and cognitive psychology align with Industrial/Organizational (I/O) psychology, and defend the use functionalism and cognitive psychology, schools of thought to support the research topic on the effect of technological advancements, such as avatars, holograms, and computer/web-based instruction in employee training and development. In addition this paper serves as a call to action for those in the I/O psychology field to become leaders in research and the development of theories that practical applications in the work environment. Schools of Thought: Functionalism and Cognitive Psychology I/O†¦show more content†¦From the beginning, I/O psychologists were psychotechnologists who sought to understand the how and why of human adaptive behavior through observation, testing, and experimentation in order to predict and control behavior through the practical application of theory in business and industry through the exploration of individual differences, mental processes, emotional regulation, motivation, and behavior (Bingham, 1953; Katzell Austin, 1992; Koppes Pickren, 2007; Landy, 1997). Pychotechnology defined by Bingham (1953), Koppes and Pickren (2007), and Landy (1997) as an objective discipline in immersed in the scientific practice of psychology that seeks to explain an organisms adaptive ability to the environment through the exploration of individual differences in mental processes and behaviors that promote productivity and efficiency in the work environment to maintain and improve an organiz ations competitive advantage through the practical application of theory; thereby, earning the I/O psychology the usual distinction of an technology based field with a focus on practical issues (Koppes Pickren, 2007, p. 26). It is the understanding of history of I/O psychology that helps future. While functionalism provides the historical foundation for I/O psychology and the research on technology in the work, cognitive psychology adds to the richness of the research byShow MoreRelatedContemporary Applications of Schools in Psychology8487 Words   |  34 Pagesï » ¿INTRODUCTION Psychology evolved out of both philosophy and biology. Throughout psychologys history, a number of different  schools of thought  have formed to explain human thought and behavior. These schools of thought often rise to dominance for a period of time. While these schools of thought are sometimes perceived as competing forces, each  perspective  has contributed to our understanding of psychology. Some of the major schools of thought in psychology are Structuralism, Functionalism, Gestalt psychologyRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagescases, examples and good summaries for every chapter. Professor Martin Lindell, Hanken Business School, Swedish School of Economics and Business Administration, Finland This book makes it easier to understand the current stand of organization theory. I strongly recommend it to anyone seriously interested in the different intellectual traditions that contribute to our understanding of organizations. Professor Tomas Mà ¼llern, Jà ¶nkà ¶ping International Business School, Sweden . McAuley, Duberley and

Dickens A Christmas Carol and the Industrial Revolution...

nbsp; Dickens A Christmas Carol and the Industrial Revolutionnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp; Besides being the secular story of Christmas time in an urban setting, A Christmas Carol, tells the sacred story of Christmas as well. With A Christmas Carol, Dickens initiated an ongoing creative process in the Anglo-American imagination. As a result of the Industrial Revolution and the growth and development of cities peoples lives changed drastically as they moved from the life and traditions of the country into those of the city. As industrialization continued, for many people in the city living and working conditions worsened. As reports of horrible working conditions increased so did the†¦show more content†¦nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; While some argue that Dickens was prompted by the plight of the poor to write a story bringing some of the traditional Christmas spirit to the city using a secular story, there is clear evidence that Dickens looked to religious beliefs and Christian values as a way to keep Christmas sacred and also as a way to respond to the problems society was facing. In particular, the time Scrooge spends with the Ghost of Christmas Future shows how Dickens asserts various Christian values. Just as Jesus speaks of welcoming and caring for children as a way of honoring God, Dickens story suggests the same moral and Christian value; in this case the caring for Tiny Tim and his poor family as a way of honoring God.nbsp;nbsp; A more symbolic lesson can be seen by comparing Tiny Tims grave with Scrooges. When Bob Cratchit returns to his family, heShow MoreRelatedCharles Dickens and A Christmas Carol1613 Words   |  7 PagesCharles Dickens and A Christmas Carol: Famed British author, Charles Dickens was born on February 7, 1812, in Portsmouth, England. He was the second of eight children, living in a poor neighborhood in London. His parents were John Dickens, a naval clerk, who always lived beyond his means. Married to his mother Elizabeth Dickens, who aspired to be a teacher and a school director. Dickens went to William Giles’ school in Chatham, Kent, for approximately one year before his father’s money habitsRead MoreA Lack of Charity Essay example1718 Words   |  7 PagesDickens’s books, Oliver Twist and A Christmas Carol, the theme of lack of charity is pronounced. Throughout Oliver Twist, society turns a â€Å"cold shoulder† to those in need of help (Miller 30). The Victorian England society prohibits inhabitants of the lower social realms from moving up in society. Rarely do lower class members receive attention, and the attention they do receive is far from par (Reeves). Ebenezer Scrooge, the main character of A Christmas Carol, learns to be charitable through a lessonRead MoreHow Does The Author Use Language From Present Scrooge s Unpleasant Personality?1376 Words   |  6 PagesHow does the author use language to present Scrooge s unpleasant personality? Charles dickens uses insults to portray Scrooge s unpleasant personality. This can be alluded from Stave 1 in the novel where Scrooge can be seen snubbing the charity workers who came seeking for a donation. If they would rather die, [...] they had better do it, and decrease the surplus population., such insult allows the reader to comprehend that Scrooge is nothing more than a greedy man who solely believes that theRead MoreHow and Why Does Dickens Present the Change in Scrooge in ‘a Christmas Carol’?2608 Words   |  11 Pages‘A Christmas Carol’ covers a period of 24 hours from Christmas Eve to Christmas Day. It is a simple morality tale of the radical change in the character Ebenezer Scrooge from being bitter, ironfisted and miserable to becoming a new, openhearted and charitable man. The book was first published in 1843, a time when many of the wealthy people neglected the old Christmas spirit of charity. In addition, the Industrial Revolution had further done away with the simple pleasures of the season. Dickens’ intentionsRead More Heartless Capitalism Exposed in A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens2289 Words   |  10 Pages     Ã‚   Beginning in England in the late eighteenth century, the Industrial Revolution changed the face of the countrys economy. Despite becoming a center of wealth and production for the world, the majority of the capital rested firmly in the hands of wealthy capitalists who had little regard for the suffering endured by millions of working-class individuals. In A Christmas Carol(1843) by Charles Dickens, this theme of industrial suffering is illustrated through the historical and symbolic characterizationRead MoreThe Miserable And Wretched Creatures Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein And Charles Dickens s A Christmas Carol1697 Words   |  7 Pagestoward this issue, like Karl Marx in the â€Å"Communist Manifesto,† but others decided voice their opinions through the characters of their literary works. 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The story includes three morals, demonstrated by the three GhostsRead MoreThe Ghost Of Christmas Present1566 Words   |  7 Pagesjust now! That s all. Showing the audience that Scrooge is starting to comprehend all the lives he has affected negatively. By this part in the novel, dickens introduced the next Ghost, the Ghost of Christmas Present. The ghost of Christmas present takes Scrooge to his clerk`s house. Here he witness the unfortunate conditions of their Christmas, however, it doesn’t appear to be so unfortunate at all; although Scrooge notices how Tiny Tim is crippled and at deaths door. He is moved by this sightRead MoreThe Theme of Social Responsibility in Victorian England Essay707 Words   |  3 Pagesdoes dickens explore the theme of social responsibility in Victorian England? Charles dickens wrote ‘A Christmas Carol’ for a certain reason, and that reason was that he wanted to make people aware of the terrible situation the children of the poor were in. He visited a school in 1843 and was appalled by what he saw there. It was a school for the poorest children to teach them basic reading and writing skills. The children’s employment commission had also shocked him. At first dickens hadRead MoreThe Metamorphosis of Ebenezer Scrooge in Dickens A Christmas Carol1476 Words   |  6 PagesThe Metamorphosis of Ebenezer Scrooge in A Christmas Carol Ebenezer Scrooge learned a great deal about himself during the visitations of the three ghosts in A Christmas Carol. He learned things that not only changed his life, but also the lives of others such as Tiny Tim and his family. At first these changes came gradually, probably because they where not really fuelled by fear of what might be, but instead by remorse for things he had already done. Not until the second and third spirits visit

The Globalization & Technological progress on Management.

Question: Discuss about the Globalization Technological Progress Management ? Answer: Introducation: Globalization has totally changed the way the word is operating today. The barriers which earlier hindered our abilities to interact communicate to individuals across the globe have reduced. Globalization has been integrated in all the areas whether it be social, economic, government or business. With the help of this paper, well be discussing the globalizations role on society specifically the influence of globalization on management. Revolution in technology has been a foremost driving force behind globalization information technology has been a major element of a companys global business strategies (Ohmae, 2011). Globalization its 6 Processes Globalization is such an extensive complex notion which is sometimes difficult to explain, however, in the similar way, because of its extensiveness there are numerous diverse opinions about just what the globalization is about. Globalization can be described as the intensification of global inter-connectedness, signifying a world full exchange persistent culture, linkages contact mixture movement. Only a single definition cannot completely define everything the globalization is. So as to provide the background of globalization, it is required to look at the 6 processes which unite together to deliver a solid basis regarding the exact definition of globalization (Johnson, Scholes Whittington, 2008). Fastening up of flows of ideas, images, goods, people capital across the world. With the help of improved technology, transportation communication, flows have fastened massively. Fundamentally this is the hastening of actions which earlier took quite longer to complete. For instance, the mailing system, it is used to take days to transport a piece of letter during American Revolution period, now technology is there which could mail the objects across the world spontaneously. Strengthening of the links, means of communication flows which interrelate the globe, it means that a lot more information is provided to an individual at a given time than ever before. For instance, in 1930s the only means to had the news was the radio. However, now we are able to get feeds from ten various sources of news on our computer screens, whereas watching news on television getting the news on our mobile phone all at the same point of time. Enlarging out of economic, political, cultural social practices across borders. It defines that decisions practices done in one location of the globe might have significances on cultures communities in other parts of the world. As an instance, when North Korea started testing nuclear weapons they had a big social political impact on the complete part of the world because most of the countries treated it as a magnificent gesture thread by Korea. Interdependency of the local global landscape such that, whereby everybody may endure to live their lives locally, their movements made in their local environments have become global events which results in having an influence on local spaces. Primarily, whatsoever actions are taken globally, has an impact on the global landscape. For instance, using sugar, could create a substantial impact to the Brazilian people, that are producing sugar for the consumption of other countries. Anti Eurocratic movement from the practices, which takes Western or European values, apprehensions, good culture make them placed on other nations situated across the world. By getting rid from Euro-centrism, there is also a movement now which arises among periphery (lesser powerful small) countries to the Western countries from periphery countries. It is use to be that every cultures, goods values arrive from the European nations the US are then moved to everybody else, however, now cultures, goods values arrive from across the globe is shared to countries in any number around the world. For instance, most of the medicines which are used in US comes from the resources found natural treatments in other countries. Westernization doesnt arise, in the sense that individuals engross lifestyles, values ideas from the Western Civilization. Individuals are now capable of customizing their own lifestyles, values ideas. It means, individuals dont merely take whats provided to them, individuals now outline make their own ways of living which was earlier not the case. For instance, in the 20th century earlier part, when migrants from Western Europe arrived in the US they kept on trying their best to integrate adjust with the Americans lifestyle, so as to deliver improved opportunity for their families. Now, migrants adjust fairly to life of American, however, for the major portion they build their own way of life which is not likely like others (Mintzberg, 2009). These 6 terms are the names of the 6 methods which must be recalled while rationalising globalization. Now all the events actions which arises globally doesnt essentially have to encompass all of these processes, some actions might merely integrate one process whereas few might comprise all of the processes. In any of these situations, however all 6 processes are united to make the foundation behind globalization (Gleick, 2007). Benefits of Globalization Technological Progress on Management Knowledge enhancement: with the increasing hastening communication information flow, individuals are now able to access more information across the globe, sitting comfortably at home. Less costlier goods services: The acceleration of communication transportation flows permits organizations to search around the world for the cheapest priced manufacturing labour costs (Miles, 2010). Competition enhancement: With the shift from Euro-centrism, business happens amongst all the nations, resulting to comparable products coming from all various parts of the globe, so organizations must constantly keep up with global changes trends, so as to compete in their market (Voda, 2014). Challenges of Globalization Technological Progress on Management Lesser wages: Organizations are now able to search all over the world for the least rated labour, so in few scenarios individuals would receive less wages for a work which would be paying a more price (Levitt, 2013). High chases of having discrepancy amongst poor rich: The people that are capable of taking benefits of all that globalization has to offer are the individuals that have the money to take benefits of it, unfortunately, for the people with no or little money are left in a cycle of poverty, since they are not capable of affording to use the advantages of globalization. Demolition of local industries: In few situations, organizations take benefits of inexpensive labour in some places, that abolishes local industries, since these local industries cant have competition with salaries offered by big MNCs (Stacey, 2007). Thus, it can be concluded that globalization is the most significant concept in the 21st century. As every coin has two faces, in the same way globalization has both the positive negative aspects. Advancement in information technology has altered the way people live have reshaped how government, business individuals interact with one another. References Gleick, J. (2007) Chaos: Making a New Science, New York: Viking Penguin Johnson, G., Scholes, K. and Whittington, R. (2008) Exploring Corporate Strategy. 8th edn. Harlow: Prentice Hall. Levitt, T. (2013) The Globalization of Markets. Harvard Business Review, MayJune, 92102. Miles, R.E. (2010) Macro Organisational Behaviour. Sutt Foresman Co Mintzberg, H. (2009) The Rise and Fall of Strategic Planning. Harlow: FT Prentice Hall. Ohmae, K. (2011) Managing in a Borderless World. Harvard Business Review, 67(3), 152161. Stacey, R.D. (2007) Strategic Management and Organisational Dynamics, 5th edn. Harlow: FT Prentice Hall Voda, J.J. (2014) Technological Change and Industry Structure: A Case Study of the Petroleum Industry. Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 15(3), 271288.

Jennifer Lopez Essay Example For Students

Jennifer Lopez Essay Jennifer Lopez was born in the Bronx, New York on July 20, 1970. She is thedaughter of a computer specialist Kindergarten teacher. Lopez always knew sewanted to be a performer. She started her showbiz career by appearing in thechorus of dancer, singer and choreographer Hinton Battles Synchrocinicitymusical in Japan. Jennifer Lopez got her shot at acting in Connie KaisermansMy Little Girl where she perform a little part as Myra. She was selected as oneof choreographer Rosie Perezs fly girls after she won a national competitionof about 2,000 contestants. Lopez whose hip-hop dance numbers commanded a loyalaudience in Foxs in living color, parlayed her new visibility into roles onvarious T.V series and movies. In Living Colors was the first step for Lopez. Lopez was still living in New York and had to move to L.A. Lopez followed theshows producer Keenan Ivory Wayans Youll have more money and moreexperience advise to stick with the show. While she was shaking her bootyduring commercial on Living Color, one of her co-workers whose husband waswriting and producing South Central for Fox suggested her for a part. Lopez wasseen as a recurring character here. The show was practically over before itstarted. Melinda Lopez character which Lopez portrayed in CBS second chanceco-starring Connie Selleca and Megan Fallows was so popular that it wascontinued on Aaron Spelling series Malibu Road. She refused the development dealwhich was offered by CBS because she wanted a film career. Lopez introduced hertalent to top film-makers with the movie Mi Famillia. Following this movie shejumped on Joseph Rubens Money Train. Although, senator Bob Dole urgedAmericans to boycott the film and the co-stars Woody Harrison and Wesley Snipeswere trashed by critics. Lopez left the train with victory where she got on asGrace Santiago. Later on Lopez co-starred as Robin Williams latina teacherin the movie Jack. Despite having previously worked in Mi Famillia, Gregory Navaasked Lopez to audition as a part of nationwide search in Selena. No stranger tothe pressures of audition the former dancer came in, nailed her mark and won therole. Jennifer Lopez thrust into spot light with her performance in this movieand increased her Hollywood stock considerably. The film succeeded despite somegrumbly in the Mexican-American community that Lopez was of Puerto Rican decent. 56 Lopez who has a yen for pizzazz from childhood has made a terrificstart as star-crossed Selena with donning plenty of sequins and spandex. Selenamarked a new beginning for Lopez in more than just career terms. In the wrapparty of the movie In San Antonio, Lopezs boyfriend Ojani Noa took themicrophone and proposed on the dance floor. The couple married in early 1997. Lopez found out for sure that she had achieved stardom when false rumors of herdivorce where printed in mainstream newspapers after only two months ofmarriage. But, they divorced after a year in fact. Jennifer Lopez ranked 16th onthe People Magazines 1997s 50 most beautiful people list. Lopez ended JimCarreys Liar Liars spring box office sovereignty with her movie Anaconda. She revisited the same genie in the fall where she appeared opposite Sean Pennin Oliver Stones U-Turn.. Lopez beat out a bevy of A-list actresses to land arole in Out of Sight. Lopez who had signed a lucrative deal with Sony musicafter an intense bidding war will be next seen in Ants.

Strategic operations management Macys Inc

Introduction Operations management is an approach to the management practice in which executives of the firm plan, supervise and control all the business processes (Bowman, 2009). The management process is also concerned with redesigning as well as realigning the operations of the firm to attain the specific goals.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Strategic operations management: Macy’s Inc specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The process of designing and realigning involves coming up with various strategies including business strategies, operations strategies as well as corporate strategies that are critical in the attainment of the organizational goals (Chase et al., 2007). In essence, strategic operations management encompasses strategies and procedures that the firm undertakes to achieve its goals. The paper examines the way organizations apply strategic operations management processes, in particul ar, the business and operations strategies. Macy’s Inc is one of the companies that have utilized strategic operations in the management processes. The paper critically examines Macy’s operations and business strategies. In the analysis, the paper will examine the linkages between operations strategy and business strategies in the attainment of the organizational goals through the application of various analytical tools including PESTEL, porter’s five forces, BCG, supply chain and the value chain. In addition, the paper will also examine various technological applications that are critical in the supply and value chain applied in the operations strategies. The link between operations and business strategies Operations strategies and business strategies Operations strategies refer to an organization’s layout detailing the decisions that the business utilizes to achieve the set targets (Cigolini et al., 2004). Operations strategies involve designing, superv ising and control of the business processes in order to attain the set goals and objectives. On the other hand, business strategies entail practices that businesses utilizes to achieve the long-term objectives such as growth, allocation of resources and globalization (De Treville et al., 2004). In addition, business strategies encompass the way a business carries out its accomplishments compared to the rivals. In other words, business strategies involve processes that contribute to competitive advantage. The company, mission and vision Macy’s, Inc, a subsidiary of Macy’s company, is one of the leading national retailers dealing in a variety of products including furniture galleries, clothing, jewelry, beauty products, accessories as well as footwear among others. The firm was founded in 1929 and has corporate headquarters in New York and Cincinnati. In addition, the company operates over eight hundred departmental stores as well as furniture arcades in over forty state s. The company currently has over 170,000 personnel.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Macy’s Inc. vision is to be an Omni-channel retailer that provides iconic trademarks in its stores as well as through dynamic online websites worldwide. Further, the firm’s familiarity with the needs of clients is critical in maintaining unique identity and focus to the consumers. The mission of the firm is to achieve augmented sales levels of products. Further, the corporation strives to expand profitability, enhance return on capital as well as maximize the returns on equity. The company strives to maintain and expand its share in the retail chain market by offering merchandise of high value to the consumers through the combination of fashion and quality at economical prices. As such, the firm seeks to undertake a number of strategic issues to maintain its position i n the retail chain market. In addition, in order to offer the customers the best shopping experiences, Macy’s Inc. is developing skills in its retail operations. Actually, the personnel of the company is recruited based on skills and strength. The firm has also increased the focus on the needs of the millennial clients that account for the largest proportion of the nation’s populace. In essence, the company plans to improve sales and profits by offering products to the customers between the ages of 13 and 30 years. Macy’s Inc. operations focus on the satisfaction of the customer needs. As such, through the talented and the experienced personnel, the company undertakes aggressive execution of customer-centric tactics to the attainment of competitive edge of rivals. In addition, the company’s openness and honesty in conversing with the stakeholders ensure proactive transfer of information between stakeholders updating the personnel, suppliers, company analy sts and media on current invaluable operational developments. The skills, judgment and talents of Macy’s Inc. personnel are significant in the operations of the corporation. In other words, the employees work to enormous extents in ensuring the achievements of the strategic goals of the firm. In fact, the workforce is essential in the attraction and retention of clients, thereby gaining competitive advantage. Macy’s Inc. business strategy The firm’s business tactics encompass My Macy’s localization, multi-channel integration and MAGIC selling strategies. The business strategies play significant roles in propelling sales levels. To begin with, through My Macy’s localization strategy, Macy’s molds the merchandise as well as the shopping experiences in specific stores to the customers frequenting such stores. Through, this strategy, the firm has gained significant competitive advantages over rival firms since Macy’s is capable of providi ng customers with exact products in the right localities and at the precise moment (Evans Berman, 2001). In addition, the firm’s â€Å"My Macy’s 2.0.† internal initiative has augmented sophistications the company service delivery to the clientele.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Strategic operations management: Macy’s Inc specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Secondly, the multi-channel strategy has enhanced the company’s sales in a number of ways. For instance, the tactic incorporates the stores to the internet as well as mobile gadgets that allow the delivery of stock to customers in any locality. Additionally, the strategy utilizes online fulfillment centers that deliver merchandise to clients in different regions leading to improved customer shopping experience. Third, MAGIC selling strategy allows the firm to meet and engage clients through asking questions, giving op tions and pieces of advice as well as inspiring the clients to purchase the firm’s products. Further, the MAGIC selling process has ensured customer contentment leading to increasing sales (Gunasekaran et al., 2004). Strategic operations The company strategic operations revolve around reaching the target clients at the shortest time possible, in the most convenient way and at the least cost possible. As such, the company strives to create a channel of distribution that endeavors to attain the major operational goals. The strategic operations are based on the company mission of providing value to the customers. The strategic operations of the company include modernized supply chain, customer-oriented management and the corporate strategies that are supported by suitable technological applications. The company is currently focusing on offering satisfying customer shopping experience in all its stores. As such, the company aims to streamline and harmonize operations in all its r etail stores as well as supply chain processes in order to respond speedily to the needs and requests of the customers. The significant program in the retail store’s operations is to discover and disseminate best-in-class practices, procedures and measures to guarantee continuous implementation of novel and innovative standards. Technology is the major driver to attain the required standards. The company’s regular guide will provide comprehensible and viable course of action for the retail store’s development, illustratable supply of products as well as in-store communication procedures to set up perfect implementation and operational excellence. In addition, the company has continued to adapt system landscape, supply chain as well as exchange demanding scheduling procedures. The adaptation of the business processes will enable the firm to enhance in-season flexibilities experienced in the fashionable products, attain increased responsiveness to varying trends a nd to accomplish the economies of scale in all the retail activities.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Essentially, all the company operations are focused on fulfilling the consumer needs. As such, the company has adopted the sell-through oriented perspective or pull model in the strategic operations. The current strategic operations of the firm can be observed in increased capital investments on the development and improvement of its stores. For instance, the company has developed Herald Square store in New York to combine all the products under one roof, increasing the growth of the company sales. The diversification processes of the operations require that the firm’s supply chain reflect the customer needs as well as vision and mission of the company. Moreover, the company is also focusing on the supply chain design that mirrors the client needs to enhance the sourcing of distinctive merchandise to the stores. The adaptation of the appropriate supply chain design results in increased competitive advantage. Environmental analysis Porter’s five forces The analysis of t he retail chain industry in which Macy’s operates exploits the application of five forces model developed by Porter. The model provides the necessary tools that are critical in the appraisal of the competitiveness of the companies within the retail chain industry (Heikkilà ¤, 2002). Most importantly, the model offers analytical tool on how the external environment has influenced the strategic operations and business strategies. The buyers bargaining power The consumers can effortlessly surrogate the products and services offered by Macy’s company in the retail industry through purchasing the products provided by other companies in the industry. As a result, the organization’s share of the market can be abated. Therefore, the buyers have high bargaining power in the industry. Bargaining power of sellers Companies within the retail chain trade control higher proportion of the market. As a result, the firm engages large number of suppliers in business. The control of larger segments of the market gives power to the Macy’s since the firm can create scarce strategies to the suppliers by switching to other potential manufactures and wholesalers effortlessly and cheaply. In principle, the suppliers in the retail industry enjoy low purchasing power. Threats of new market entrants The ever-increasing competition in the retail chain industry due to the mushrooming of other industries in the trade compels the firms to incur additional expenses. Actually, Macy’s incurs the additional costs in sustaining trademark devotion as well as marketing of products. Most importantly, the presence of outstanding delivery chains, localities, and trademark as well as the financial capital of the companies provide the advantage of warding off potential competitors Competitive rivalry in the industry Companies operating in retail industry are very aggressive. However, due to the market leadership capabilities of Macy’s in the industry, establish ment of the operations in the industry is uncomplicated. In other words, the company utilizes its technological advancements as well as financial strengths, thereby increasing the competitive edge over the other firms. In addition, the increased competition in the trade reduces the share of market controlled by corporation. In this industry, competition is high. Threat of substitute products The players in the retail chain industry offer similar diverse products. The existing firms in the industry offer convenience and low prices, thereby augmenting substitute threats. Moreover, consumers are embracing online shopping due to price benefits gained from the companies by passing savings to buyers. The sprawling of various alternatives presents the Macy’s with frantic operations. As a result, the corporation ventures Boston Consulting Group (BCG) analysis The BCG is an invaluable framework utilized in the appraisal of Macy’s trademarks portfolio strategic position (Hansen Birkinshaw, 2007). Further, the tool is important in comprehending the investment decisions that Macy’s Inc. should undertake. BCG MATRIX Relative market share Stars The stars entail the products that do better than the rivals in the market operations do (Shanahan, 2002). In Macy’s Inc., online sales are classified under stars since they provide greater prospects for increasing the company’s proceeds. Therefore, the firm should increase investments and development of online sales. In fact, over 40% increase was realized in online vending in 2011. Therefore, online sales are invaluable in the lasting achievement of Macy’s. Cash Cows The cash flows represent the goods that enable the company to attain leadership position in the market. However, the goods bear minimal growth prospects in the future. The over 800 departmental stores continue to provide constant flow of returns that can be ventured in Stars. Question Marks The products with low proportion of the market but have high prospects for growth in the market is accounted for by the Question marks (Langabeer, 2000). Private labels brands such as clothing designs have the potential of capturing the market share through the provision of funds for innovation to make the brands attractive to the consumers. Dogs Dogs refer to the goods with a low proportion of the market and are not attractive as well as have low growth prospects (Porter, 2000). Macy’s warehouse stores fall under the Dogs category since the company does not sell products in bulk compared to competitors such as BJ’s and Costco wholesale clubs. In essence, the company should not invest further in warehouses. PESTEL analysis Political aspects Macy’s Inc. recognizes the significant role played by the political environment in ensuring trust and success in the operations. For instance, the friendly and stable political environmental enables smooth operations of the firm. Economic aspects The firm cont inues to experience growth in the operations as well as sales in America through the utilization of multi-channel stores. Additionally, the firm’s returns on invested capital and cash flows have increased over the years leading to enhanced shareholder value. Socio-cultural aspects Culture influences the performance and productivity of Macy’s in a number of ways. First, the corporation recognizes the worth of its personnel’s ideas and beliefs without prejudice. The company also satisfies its client social assurance by the provision of high-quality goods and services Technological aspects The utilization of contemporary technology enables efficiency and competitiveness of Macy’s. For instance, the company’s online shopping experience has increased the company’s sales as well as proceeds. Further, the utilization of computer tablets and hand-held gadgets has increased competitiveness and efficiency. Environmental aspects The company recognizes the significance of environmental sustainability. As such, the firm improves the environment through the elimination of wasteful undertakings as well as utilizing the scarce resources efficiently. Legal aspects The flexible legal requirements in the US provide an environment that is conducive for Macy’s operations. Further, the company adheres to the legal regulations concerning quality, safety and job conditions of the employees. Supply chain management and service delivery The delivery of products at Macy’s focuses on the improvement of its transportation channels such as cubes and containers (Yu, 2012). The firm also supplies products through online sources, mobile as well as stores. Further, through the company’s multi-channel delivery approach, the products of the firm are provided to the consumers in incorporated and holistic channels. The link of operational strategy to business strategy The achievement of the company’s optimal targets depends on t he relationship between the strategic operations and the business strategies (Smith, 2002). For instance, the multi-channel integration, MAGIC selling and localization operation strategies of the firm must adhere to the conditions dictating the business environment such as political, economic, socio-cultural, technological, environmental and legal aspects. In addition, the firms operations including the delivery series and service delivery to customers must de designed in such a way that counter the threats that may jeopardize the operations of the firm in the market such new competitive rivalry in the market, ease of product substitution as well as new market entrants (Irwin, 2003). Moreover, the layout of business choices that are critical in the attainment of objectives must consider the performance of the firm’s products in the market to aid in the development of framework for appraising brand portfolio in trade. Strategic appraisal of strategic operations Supply chain an d value chain analysis Macy’s Inc. has managed to create efficient distribution channels for its products as well as increased worth of operations through the utilization of technology leading to increased sales and precise inventory (Lakshminarasimha Vijayan, 2008). For instance, through the utilization of Electronic data interchange (EDI) and bar code scanning, the company is capable of effectively tracking stocks in delivery locations. Further, the utilization of the departmental stores for brick-and-mortar sales and fulfillment centers have increased the efficiency in the delivery of orders made through the web. Moreover, with the adoption of the Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, the firm can read the various inventory tags delivered at a distance. Actually, the use of RFID has led to augmented levels of sales and delivery of inventory as well as efficiencies. The technology has also ensured reduced expenses. In principle, the RFID expertise has enabled M acy’s to achieve value through improving the accuracy of the firm’s inventory. In other words, the expertise enables the incorporation of warehouse management structure and bar code scanning processes as well as standard cycle inventory calculations in the supply centers, thereby increasing stock accuracy by over ninety percent. Moreover, the technology is invaluable in increasing sales and reducing costs through pushing the tagging of inventory to the vendors. Exploitation of value chain and quality Macy’s Inc. has undertaken various steps to organize its operations through the integration and cooperation of communication as well as production chambers to ensure increased value and satisfaction for clients (De Treville et al., 2004). The firm also utilizes the value chain to increase efficiency in the distribution of inventory. Macy’s Inc. majorly utilizes technology in its activities to operate efficiently as well as offer quality products to the consum ers. For instance, the use of RFID technology has enabled augmented sales through stimulating the multi-channel strategy. In fact, the technology has led to increased online sales by over forty percent. The expertise also increases consumer satisfaction through provision of assistance in the selection of products. In addition, the denim fit finder and beauty shop have enabled the selection of perfect brands across multiple brands. Moreover, the use of RFID expertise has enabled precise placement of inventory according to insignia, magnitude and fashion accelerating delivery and efficiency. Essentially, values in operations are undertaken to add more value to the products the company offer to the consumers. Conclusion In conclusion, the strategic operations of Macy’s Inc depend on its operations tactics and business strategies. The firm employs multi-channel, localization and MGIC selling strategies in the operations. The operations strategies depend on the macro-environment f orces such as competitors, technological, political, socio-cultural, and economic aspects as well as well as customer needs in industry that Macy’s operates. In addition, the provision of high-quality products to the customers is paramount the firm. Moreover, the utilization of innovative expertise is critical in ensuring the attainment of effective value and effective inventory delivery channels. In fact, the exploitation of RFID expertise has led to augmented levels of efficiency and sales at Macy’s Inc. References Bowman, C 2009, â€Å"What are dynamic capabilities and are they a useful construct in strategic management?† International Journal Management Review, vo.11 no.1, pp.29-49. Chase, RB, Jacobs, FR Aquilano, NJ 2007, Operations management for competitive advantage, McGraw-Hill, New York. Cigolini, R, Cozzi, M Perona, M 2004, â€Å"A new framework for supply chain management: conceptual model and empirical test,† International Journal of Produc tion Economics, vol.24 no.1, pp.7-41. De Treville, S, Shapiro, RD Hameri, AP 2004, â€Å"From supply chain to demand chain: the role of lead time reduction in improving demand chain performance,† Journal of Operations Management, vol.21 no.3, pp.613-627. Evans, JR Berman, B 2001, â€Å"Conceptualizing and operationalizing the business-to-business value chain,† Industrial Marketing Management, vol.30 no.2, pp.135-148. Gunasekaran, A, Patel, C McGaughey, RE 2004, â€Å"A framework for supply chain performance measurement,† International Journal of Production Economics, vol.87 no.12, pp.333-347. Hansen, T M Birkinshaw, J 2007, The innovation value chain,† Harvard Business Review, vol.16 no.4, pp.121-130. Heikkilà ¤, J 2002, â€Å"From supply to demand chain management: efficiency and customer satisfaction,† Journal of Operations Management, vol.20 no.4, pp.747-767. Irwin, R 2003, â€Å"Strategic cost management: the value chain perspective.† Journal of Management Accounting Research, vol.37 no.16, pp.179-197. Lakshminarasimha, A Vijayan, A 2008, â€Å"Value Chain Analysis: Social Networking Communities,† Journal of Marketing Management, vol.3 no.3, pp.34-42. Langabeer, JR 2000, â€Å"Aligning demand management with business strategy,† Supply Chain Management Review, vol.4 no.2, pp.10-22. Porter, M 2000, â€Å"Location, competition, and economic development: local clusters in a global economy,† Economic Development Quarterly, vol.14 no.1, pp.15–35. Shanahan, YP 2002, â€Å"A contingent examination of strategy-cost system alignment: customer retention and customer profitability analysis,† Managerial Auditing Journal, vol.13 no.7, pp.411 –18. Smith, M 2002, â€Å"Derrick’s Ice-Cream Company: applying the BCG matrix in customer profitability analysis,† Accounting Education, vol.11 no.4, pp.365 –375. Yu, W 2012, â€Å"Business environment, employee competenci es and operations strategy: an empirical study of retail firms,† Journal of Management and Mathematics, vol.6 no.1, pp.321-327. This research paper on Strategic operations management: Macy’s Inc was written and submitted by user Rivka Moreno to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. 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Sample AP Spanish Argumentative Essay

Sample AP Spanish Argumentative EssayWhen preparing a sample argumentative essay on an AP Spanish Language course, students should think about what types of questions they will be asked and how the answer will be presented. Many writing samples on essay topics come from textbooks, but the way in which students write essays differs from one to another.The idea behind learning the English language as a tool for furthering one's knowledge in the foreign language is not new. But the kind of approach that a student takes towards the subject varies. Students who learned the English language from their teacher may adopt a straightforward approach, using vocabulary words and phrases from the textbook.When a student learns English as a tool for learning Spanish, they use the English language as a basis for learning and understanding. The ideas that are used in the text will be introduced to them when they write their own writing. It will be important to structure their writings in a way that demonstrates their knowledge of the Spanish language.One of the methods of composing essays on a subject like English or Spanish is to use a sample argumentative essay that is written in a specific language. One way to accomplish this is to read the passage of text and analyze it in English. Then, one can create a copy of the argumentative essay that is written in Spanish.Another way to determine the format for one's writing is to read a sample argumentative essay that is written in English. Once one has learned how to use the written English language as a foundation for understanding the Spanish language, they can create one of their own. Writing samples that are used in class are also a good source for starting a writing project.Students who take an AP Spanish Language Course can expect to be asked about their writing ability. The teacher or professor should make sure that the student has a sample argumentative essay that they can read to get a feel for the way that the essay will be written. The main goal is to get the student to think about what is written and how it is presented.When students are preparing writing samples that they can use as a basis for the argumentative essay that they are going to write, they should use phrases that can be found in their native language. These could be simple verbs that would be used to complete a sentence. By using vocabulary words that are more complex in the English language, the student will have a better understanding of the question or statement that is being presented.A sample argumentative essay is used as a guide to help the student understand how to frame their argument in such a way that it presents the best results in the final result. The lesson that is provided to the student is as important as the written piece. Using the writing samples as a basis for the argumentative essay helps the student to get the most out of the opportunity.

The Basics of Getting Started in Homeschooling

The Basics of Getting Started in Homeschooling When youre new to homeschooling, the logistics can seem overwhelming, but it doesnt have to be a stressful time. These homeschooling basics will help you have your homeschool up and running as stress-free as possible. 1. Make the Decision to Homeschool Making the decision to homeschool can be  difficult and is not one to be made lightly. As you are  deciding if homeschooling is right for you, consider factors such as: The time commitmentThe pros and cons of homeschooling based on your family’s needsYour spouse and child’s opinions about homeschooling There are many factors that go into deciding to homeschool and many are unique to your family’s specific needs. Talk to other homeschooling families in person or online. Consider attending a homeschool support group meeting or find out if the groups in your area offer  events for new homeschooling families. Some groups will pair families with an experienced mentor or host QA nights. 2. Understand  Homeschool Laws It is important to know and follow the homeschool laws and requirements of your state or region. Although homeschooling is legal in all 50  states, some  are more heavily regulated than others, particularly if your child is  a certain age (6 or 7 to 16 or 17  in most states) or has already been enrolled in public school. Make sure that you understand what is required of you to withdraw your child from school (if applicable) and  begin homeschooling. If your child has not been in school, make sure you know the age by which you must notify your state that you will be educating at home. 3.  Start  Strong Once you make the decision to homeschool, you’ll want to do all that you can to ensure that you start on a positive note.  If your student is transitioning from public school to homeschool, there are steps you can  take to smooth the transition. For example, you’ll want to allow time for everyone to make the adjustment. You don’t have to make every decision right away. You may find yourself in the position of wondering what to do if your child doesn’t want to homeschool. Sometimes that is simply part of the adjustment period. Other times, there are root causes that you will need to address. Be willing to learn from the mistakes of veteran homeschooling parents and to listen to your own instincts regarding your children. 4. Choose a Support Group Meeting together with other homeschoolers can be helpful, but finding a support group can sometimes be difficult. It often takes patience to find the right match for your family. Support groups can be a great source of encouragement. The leaders and members can often help with choosing curriculum, understanding whats required for record-keeping, understanding state homeschool laws, and providing opportunities and activities for your students. You can begin by searching for homeschool support groups by state or asking other homeschool families you may know. You may also find great support in online support groups. 5. Select  Curriculum Selecting your homeschool curriculum can be overwhelming. There is a dizzying array of options and it’s easy  to overspend and still not find the right curriculum for your student. You may not even need curriculum right away and can utilize free printables and your local library while you decide. Consider used curriculum or creating your own in order to save money on homeschool curriculum. 6. Learn the Basics  of Record Keeping It is very important to keep good records of your childs homeschool years. Your records can be as simple as a daily journal or as elaborate as a purchased computer program or notebook system. Your state may require that you write a homeschool progress report, keep a record of grades, or turn in a portfolio. Even if your state doesn’t require such reporting, many parents enjoy keeping portfolios, progress reports, or work samples as keepsakes of their children’s homeschooling years. 7. Learn the Basics of Scheduling Homeschoolers generally have a great deal of freedom and flexibility when it comes to  scheduling, but it sometimes takes a while to find  what works best for your family. Learning how to create a homeschool schedule doesnt have to be difficult when you break it down into manageable steps. It can be  helpful to ask other homeschooling families what a typical homeschool day looks like for them. A few tips to  consider: When your kids work best: Are they early birds or  night owls?Your spouse’s work scheduleOutside classes and commitments 8. Understand Homeschool Methods There are many methods  for homeschooling your children. Finding the right style for your family may take some trial and error. It’s  not uncommon to try a few different methods throughout your homeschooling years or to mix and match. You may find that some aspects of unschooling may work for your family or there may be some bits of the Charlotte Mason method or some unit study techniques you’d like to employ. The most important thing to remember is to be open to what works for your family rather than feeling that you have to make a lifetime commitment to a particular homeschooling method. 9. Attend a Homeschool Convention Homeschool conventions are much more than book sales. Most, particularly larger conventions, have vendor workshops and special speakers in addition to the vendor hall. The speakers can be a great source of inspiration and guidance. Homeschool conventions also provide a chance to talk to vendors who can answer your questions and help you determine which curriculum is right for your student. 10. Know What to Do If You Begin Homeschool  Mid-year Is it possible to begin homeschooling midyear? Yes! Just remember to check your state’s homeschool laws so that you know how to properly withdraw your children from school and begin homeschooling. Don’t feel that you have to jump into a homeschool curriculum right away. Utilize your library and online resources while you figure out the best homeschool curriculum choices for your student. Homeschooling is a big decision, but it doesnt have to be difficult or overwhelming to get started.