Terror in Tim O´Brien´s on the Rainy River - 1058 Words

â€Å"How many years can some people exist before theyre allowed to be free...How many times can a man turn his head pretending he just doesnt see?† The lyrics of Blowin’ in the Wind strike the painful feeling when our dignity is smothered by unbearable fear. In the short story â€Å"On the Rainy River†, Tim O’Brien explores the idea that we cannot follow our heart in the face of terror. Through his experiences, O’Brien suggests that when our insecurity clashes with our self-respect, our moral conscience is often torn into pieces until we are left with no choice but to accept the ruthless reality with a desperate heart. A society, a place, an attitude, an expectation---all of these contribute to a character’s response to threatening forces. Tim’s†¦show more content†¦At night, Tim tosses and turns in bed, half awake and half dreaming. The anguish of moral split is impossible to overcome. Elroy remains indifferent, yet feels sympathetic towards â€Å"a kid in trouble†. His â€Å"silence and watchful presence† gives Tim hope. Elroy helps Tim to open his paralyzed heart and discover his self-respect. He tells him â€Å"there is Jesus†. With Elroy by Tim’s side, he must soon face the inevitability between his dignity and insecurity. In life, every action precipitates a reaction, and facing challenge become significant. On the sixth day, Elroy take Tim on the Rainy River to fish, which becomes instrumental to guide Tim to his epiphany. When he is â€Å"on the margin of exile†, the collision of self-respect and insecurity aggravates. On the bow, Tim listens to the treacherous waves hitting the boat and feels the brisk wind pounding his face. The sound of silence coerces him into making a decision. There is a â€Å"hard squeezing pressure in [his] chest†. He is terrified. He does not know what to think. I do not want to leave my family and my childhood and my dreams and all I have behind! I am not ready to die! What am I suppose to do? Jump? Or stay? He tries to swallow his tears; instead one runs down his face after another. The safe haven---Canada reaches out a helping hand and pleads, â€Å"You must jump! At least you get to live a normal life!† He grips on the edge of the boat, leans forwar d, ready to jump overboard; a force is dragging himShow MoreRelatedThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien1459 Words   |  6 PagesDuring the mid 1950’s, the Vietnam War turned to be the modern pinnacle for battles resulting in the deaths of 58,000 American soldiers and millions of Vietnamese death. It saw the viable destruction of modern technology such as the newly fashioned M-16 rifle and the Apache, a helicopter made for mass destruction. For the soldiers experiencing Vietnam, it was truly an experience which would shape their hearts and minds forever. As evidenced in Tim O’ Brien’s The Things They Carried, The Vietnam

Prison Is The Most Common Form Of Criminal Punishment

INTRODUCTION: A prison is a facility that holds offenders who have been convicted, or found guilty, of serious crimes. The government use prisons to keep them in the custody of the state and under a controlled environment for a certain amount of time, which varies depending upon the circumstances of their confinement; also, these facilities are used to separate them from society. Prisons propose education and health care to their inmates, but also offer danger to them. Prisons are a serious place with a variety of ethics. Development of Prisons: Before the use of prisons, offenders were typically punished in cruel and horrific ways. According to Frank Schmalleger (2015), â€Å"corporal punishments were the most common form of criminal punishment† (p.414). In those days, people would follow the eye for an eye code. This means an equal punishment should be established for the offender. For example, a man was publicly beat, broken, and killed for murder in 1721 (Schmalleger, 2015, p.414). As the years went by, this barbaric behavior was slowly becoming unacceptable in the United States. The concept of imprisoning someone as punishment became the ideal way to deal with criminal acts. As of now, the United States no long barbarically punishes criminals for breaking the law. Instead, they are imprisoned in specific prisons that house a variety of offenders. Types of prisons: There are variety of prisons that have been created by the Government. First, Minimum security prisons.Show MoreRelatedThe Death Penalty: An Appropriate Punishment Essay examples1517 Words   |  7 PagesCapital punishment has been a punitive consequence of multiple societies in many different countries over the years. The death penalty has been witnessed in many different forms, depending on the society or culture. It is viewed as an act of justice due to its deeply embedded historical tradition. Over the centuries, many cultures have used capital punishment because it ensures the safety of society. Criminals continue to use violence as their way of solving a problem. Capital punishment deters crimeRead MoreSolitary Confinement Is A Form Of Punishment918 Words   |  4 Pagesthe worst and any criminal who cannot be left in general population. Supermax prisons is a form of tool where the wardens and security guards can manage any disobedient prisoners. Many state wardens believe that solitary confinement does provide order and safety to the correctional staff and the inmates as well. This form of housing unit is needed because those who are not cooperative to any form of treatment and who are a threat to those around them need this form of punishment. â€Å"Supermax is a mechanismRead MoreBanning the Death Penalty1620 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Should the death penalty be banned internationally as a type of punishment? This form of punishment has been quite a controversial issue worldwide for quite a few years. The death penalty for hundreds of thousands of years has been a punishment for criminals throughout the world; in the past ranging from what we would now consider small crimes to huge ones, to the present where most if not all those punished with death penalty are for fairly large crimes. Actual laws involving deathRead MoreThe Failure Of The American Prison System940 Words   |  4 PagesThe Failure of the American Prison System What if someone broke into your house and stole everything of value and sold it so they could buy their next dose of heroin? Would you rather see them spend the next ten to fifteen years in prison? Or would you prefer the crime never happened because they got the rehabilitation they needed so they never robbed you for drug money?   The United States correctional system uses both punishment and rehabilitation when dealing with offenders. There are many waysRead MoreJuvenile Crime Has Become More Valuable Members Of Society?938 Words   |  4 Pagesof these criminals. Incidences of juvenile crime skyrocketed in the 1980s and 1990s, and policymakers pushed for laws that sent children as young as thirteen years old to trial, and even made them eligible for prison sentences. The general public has expressed a common desire to reduce the incidence of juvenile crime and find effective legislation to discipline these youths, but there are questions about these methods. What is more effec tive, incarceration or rehabilitation? Does criminal punishmentRead MorePenitentiary Ideal and the American Prisons1292 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Penitentiary Ideal and the American Prisons: Prisons have developed to become famous institutions in the modern society to an extent that its difficult to remember that these institutions have a history of slightly over two centuries. Prisons emerged in Europe first before the United States as a product of the dual transformation that established the basis for contemporary capitalism. The institutions are famous because they are an integral part of the criminal justice system that house condemnedRead MoreImagine Having A Criminal, Who Has Escaped From Multiple1663 Words   |  7 PagesImagine having a criminal, who has escaped from multiple prisons; the system cannot contain him. He has been charged with multiple crimes, including murder. He is very powerful and has lots of money. What should happen to this extremely dangerous criminal when he is caught again? This is where capital punishment would come into play. Some people say the capital punishment should not be banned in any U. S. state and many people say capital p unishment should be federally banned. However, bothRead MoreDeath Penalty As A Form Of Capital Punishment895 Words   |  4 Pagesstates they practice death penalty as a form of capital punishment. The death penalty has been around since the country has been founded and is defined as the punishment of execution, administered to someone legally convicted of a capital crime. Legally there are only a number of ways one can be executed here in the U.S, those include; lethal injection, electrocution, gas chamber, hanging, and firing squad, with lethal injection being the most common form. For centuries people have argued for orRead MoreEssay on The Death Penalty Does NOT Reduce Crime1533 Words   |  7 PagesTodays system of capital punishment tolerates many inequalities and injustices. The common arguments for the death penalty are filled with holes. Imposing the death penalty is expensive and time consuming. Each year billions of dollars are spent to sentence criminals to death. Pe rhaps the most frequently raised argument against capital punishment is that of its cost. Other thoughts on the death penalty are to turn criminals away from committing violent acts. A just argument against the death penaltyRead MoreEssay on Criminal Sentencing Purpose1300 Words   |  6 Pages Criminal Sentencing purpose There was once a Television show name â€Å"Berretta† and the show theme song said do not do crime if you cannot do the time. That is a true saying, one that should be on every criminal mind why they are committing a crime. Sentencing a criminal for crimes for which they have been convicted of is their due punishment according to the severity of the crime committed. The Courts have for centuries punished criminals according to the belief of the

Psychological Factors Affecting Consumer Behavior Free Essays

It has been stated that â€Å"marketing management rests upon some conception or other of how consumers behave (Foxall 2001).† I will proceed to demonstrate, beginning with an overview of consumer behavior as it relates to the psychological factors that cause one to comply with a given request, through to an examination of the various trends in marketing which are reflective of consumers changing demands as they respond to world events and societal evolution, why it is vital that marketers understand and evaluate consumer behavior. I will also demonstrate, through the use of examples, how various organizations are employing specific strategies based upon their understanding of consumer behavior to produce record growth and profitability in the marketplace. We will write a custom essay sample on Psychological Factors Affecting Consumer Behavior or any similar topic only for you Order Now Psychological Factors Affecting Consumer Behavior As one social psychologist has termed the â€Å"weapons of influence,† there appear to be certain driving forces in human nature, or automatic psychological triggers, that propel individuals to respond in predictable ways to given requests (Cialdini 1993, p.3). One such force is the principle of Reciprocation, whereby one feels obligated to return a favor that has been provided him (Cialdini 1993, p.17). This principle is most clearly evidenced by the consumer’s natural tendency to buy a product from someone after he has been extended a kindness or favor from him. It has been demonstrated that this psychological principle of the pressure to return a favor with a favor is so strong, that it even surpasses the need to like the individual extending the favor (Cialdini 1993, p.21). One example of the rule of reciprocation at work has been evidenced by the wildly successful marketing strategy of the Hare Krishna Society, an eastern religious sect known for its solicitation of funds from passersby in public places (Cialdini 1993, p.22). Having been mostly unsuccessful at raising funds through traditional methods of chanting on the streets while begging for donations, the group devised a brilliant strategy that essentially invoked the principles of reciprocation (Cialdini 1993, p.22). As an individual would pass by, a Society member, rather than ask for a donation initially, would hand the unsuspecting person a flower, offering it as a free gift from the Society and not accepting its return under any circumstances. Only then would the Society member ask for a donation (Cialdini 1993, p.22). The response was overwhelming, and a testament to the extraordinary power of reciprocation. The individual, aware that he had been given a gift and feeling the pressure to reciprocate, was often compelled to respond with a donation (Cialdini 1993, p.24). Another powerful psychological principle in a marketer’s arsenal of tools is the commitment and consistency factor (Cialdini 1993, p. 37). It has been discovered that people feel a very powerful drive to be consistent once they have committed themselves to something (Cialdini 1993, p. 37). An example of this principle at play is witnessed through the offering of testimonial contests by such big-name companies as Proctor Gamble and General Foods (Cialdini 1993, p.39). In these contests, the companies ask participants to write short essays, often for large prizes, which include praise for the companies’ products. Usually no purchase is required; what is more important is that by forcing potential customers to record, in writing, praise for the company’s product, the company relies on the psychological drive of the individual to believe what he has written (Cialdini 1993, p 40). Apart from the psychological triggers that persuade individuals to comply with given requests, marketers must seek to understand the equally intriguing psychological processes at work in the unconscious mind that cause consumers to choose one particular course of action, or product, over another (Zaltman 2003, p.53). One example of such an unconscious process can be seen in the overwhelming tendency of customers to choose a product offered for $9.99 over an identical one offered for $10.00 (Zaltman 2003, p64). Consumer Need: Practicality Or Emotionality? It has been stated that, contrary to popular belief, people do not so much buy things they don’t need, but that the need is often based more upon emotions and feelings than it is upon concrete physical necessity (Danziger 2004, p.1). Though the gross domestic product in the United States has largely been generated by consumer spending since 1929-a full 60 to 70 percent of it- â€Å"the way consumers [generally] spend their money has changed significantly over the past 70 years (Danziger 2004, p.3).† It is claimed that, â€Å"today, over 40 percent of consumer spending is discretionary†¦ based on wants, not needs (Danziger 2004, p.4).† Changing Trends And Their Affect On The Marketplace Another important factor in predicting consumer behavior involves changing trends in the marketplace. Marketers must be ever vigilant to customers’ changing needs as society evolves and new events cause consumers’ wants and needs to adjust accordingly. A clear example of this is witnessed by the fairly recent change in menu selections offered by fast-food chains such as McDonald’s and Burger King. Responding to a concern over the rising tide of obesity in the U.S. and around the world and consumers’ increasing desire to maintain healthier lifestyles, such fast-food conglomerates have been adding healthier choices to their menu selections which includes salads, apple slices instead of French fries, and so on (Plunkett Research 2005). Another example of a change in consumer behavior was reflected in consumers’ response to the tragic events of September 11, 2001. The airline industry, facing huge setbacks as a result of consumers’ new reluctance to travel by air for fear of another terrorist attack, was forced to undergo massive restructurings to accommodate the new environment imposed upon them (Plunkett Research 2005). Consumers, wishing to reconcile their fears and need to reduce expenditures with the desire to continue enjoying and experiencing life as usual, were searching for ways-and bargains- to enable them to do this. Hence, there began a shift in the airline industry away from luxury to economy, as discount airlines began setting the new standard for air travel by luring passengers with price, not perks (Plunkett Research 2005). With Southwest Airlines and JetBlue leading the pack, these airlines have achieved success and profitability responding to consumers’ changed needs, mainly by cutting maintenance, operating and labor costs, such as by offering a single-plane platform and an open-seating policy (Plunkett Research 2005). In the meantime, of course, as full-service airlines have struggled to compete with the burgeoning success of the discount model, some, like Delta, have begun developing their own low-cost models, which manage to keep costs down by hiring younger flight crews. Another shining example of marketers’ need to understand and predict consumer behavior comes in the form of the relatively recent phenomenon of online delivery and piracy-or theft-of copyrighted music and video files ((Plunkett Research 2005). Forced to adapt to this trend following a 2002-2003 decline in music revenues, music companies have been seeking ways to safeguard their files â€Å"from illegal download and distribution,† as well as to capitalize on the internet craze by finding methods by which to distribute their files through legal means via the internet (Plunkett Research 2005).† Responding to this need, iTunes Music Store, a digital service provided by Apple Computer, Inc.,was launched in 2003, and it offers music files for download over the internet (Plunkett Research 2005). On a different front, automobile manufacturers have been responding to consumers’ rising concern over escalating gas prices, which reached a record-high in September 2005 of $3.01 per gallon (Plunkett Research 2005). After suffering huge losses on their lines of minivans, pickups and sport utility vehicles (SUVs), the â€Å"big three† U.S. manufacturers, Ford, GM and Chrysler, are focusing on raising fuel efficiency for these bigger models (Plunkett Research 2005). In addition, as foreign car companies like Toyota, Honda, and BMW have continued to steal sales away from U.S. automobile manufacturers, partially due to a reputation for producing higher quality cars, these American manufacturers have been responding by designing new product lines, such as the hugely successful Chysler 300C, with its â€Å"eye-catching grill and boxy, elegant design (Plunkett Research 2005).† In sum, whether responding to a consumer’s instinctual drives, which dictate that he or she will likely react in a certain way to a given stimulus, or evaluating the marketplace and consumer behavior based on world events and changing needs, marketing management does indeed rest on a conception of how consumers will behave, now and in the future. How to cite Psychological Factors Affecting Consumer Behavior, Essay examples

Earthquakes Essay Introduction Example For Students

Earthquakes Essay Introduction EarthquakesDescribe the frequency, origin and distributionof earthquakes at mid-ocean ridges, ocean basins, subduction zones andcontinental shields. Earthquakes are happening almost everydayall over the world. Most of the time earthquakes are not strong enoughto be felt by people, but the shaking caused by an earthquake is recordedby a seismogram. These are located all over the world at different points. Only occasionally will a larger magnitude earthquake strike and cause damageto the region. Around the world there are many faults, depending wherethese faults are plays a major factor in determining where an earthquakewill happen. It is these faults that are the reason for earthquakes. Thetype of fault will also determine how often an earthquake will happen. A mid-ocean ridge occurs under the seaat a divergent boundary. This is where two plates are been pulled apartbecause of tension. This then allows new oceanic crust to be made in thedivergent boundary, as magma rises and eventually sets on the sea floor. If the plates on either side of the divergentboundary continue to spread then the ocean slowly becomes larger in width,a process called seafloor spreading. Mid-ocean ridges are characterisedby a crack like valley at the divergent boundary. This crack like valleyis caused by the tension pulling the plates apart, causing normal faultingto occur a number of times in the divergent boundary. It is these normal faults that are thecause and therefore the origin of earthquakes at divergent boundaries. When the tension pulling apart the two plates becomes too much then theoceanic crust will fracture. This fracturing is caused by many normal faultshappening as shown in the diagram. The normal faults happen because thecrust is been extended. When the tension becomes too much the faults slipvertically. They move a large distance in a relatively short space of time,this is the cause of the earthquakes at divergent boundaries. Divergent boundaries mostly occur on thesea floor and therefore the earthquakes that happen at these boundariesare distributed along the boundary. This means that the distributions ofearthquakes at divergent boundaries are at shallow depths, where the crustis been pulled apart. The earthquakes happen at shallow depths becausethe normal faulting occurs near the sea floor, as a result of the tension. The normal faults are the cause of the earthquakes at these divergent boundaries. The seafloor sees the most intense tectonicactivity in the world, meaning that at the sites of mid-ocean ridges thefrequency of earthquakes is very high. An example of a mid-ocean ridge is theMid-Atlantic ridge, there the seafloor is spreading at a rate of about3cm per year. The frequency of earthquakes at a mid-ocean ridge will dependon how much tension is happening at that point. The more tension meansthe more seafloor spreading, resulting in a higher frequency of earthquakesat a particular mid-ocean ridge. Four major oceans make up most of the waterin the world, The Atlantic (north south), The Pacific, The Antarcticand The Indian Ocean. Within the basins of these oceans earthquakes canhappen without been caused at Mid-ocean ridges, or a Subduction Zones. When the earth? ¦s crust isunder tensional forces the crust will become much thinner than normal,if there is no fault. This means that the crust becomes weaker as it isthinner than normal. This can happen to the oceanic crust in the oceanbasins, but will only cause an earthquake with a hot spot. A hot spot isan abnormal hot rising area of the mantle that supplies the lava for volcanoes. .u673863d80e568142c20b466795e6d356 , .u673863d80e568142c20b466795e6d356 .postImageUrl , .u673863d80e568142c20b466795e6d356 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u673863d80e568142c20b466795e6d356 , .u673863d80e568142c20b466795e6d356:hover , .u673863d80e568142c20b466795e6d356:visited , .u673863d80e568142c20b466795e6d356:active { border:0!important; } .u673863d80e568142c20b466795e6d356 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u673863d80e568142c20b466795e6d356 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u673863d80e568142c20b466795e6d356:active , .u673863d80e568142c20b466795e6d356:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u673863d80e568142c20b466795e6d356 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u673863d80e568142c20b466795e6d356 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u673863d80e568142c20b466795e6d356 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u673863d80e568142c20b466795e6d356 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u673863d80e568142c20b466795e6d356:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u673863d80e568142c20b466795e6d356 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u673863d80e568142c20b466795e6d356 .u673863d80e568142c20b466795e6d356-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u673863d80e568142c20b466795e6d356:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Participative management EssayIf at the same time a hot spot is directly below a thinned crust then themagma in the hot spot may hold too much pressure to be held by the thinnerweakened crust. If this is the case then the magma can penetrate the lithosphere,and eventually erupt on the surface. The action of the magma forcing itsway up can trigger earthquakes as it breaks through the crust. When itsbreaks through the crust at the sea bed eventually a volcanic island willbe formed in the middle of the ocean. Due to plate movements this can leadto the creation of mid-plate chains of basaltic volcanic islands, e.g. Hawaii. The creation of these islands around theworld has happened in other places. Frequent large earthquakes do not happenalong the Hawaiian chain, it is an essentially an asesimic ridge. Thereforethe frequency of earthquakes caused in ocean basins by hot spots is verylow. The distributions of these earthquakesthat do occur